Botanical Encyclopedia — BOTANHEAL

Materia Medica · 100 Herbs

A bilingual reference of 100 botanicals — trait identification, traditional effects, indications, nature & flavor, and application scenarios.

Ephedra Herb

Pungent, slightly bitter, warm

Induces sweating, disperses cold, diffuses the lung to relieve asthma, and promotes diuresis to reduce edema.

Cinnamon Twig

Pungent, sweet, warm

Induces sweating, relaxes muscles, warms and unblocks the meridians, assists yang to transform qi, and calms adverse rising qi.

Perilla Leaf

Pungent, warm

Releases the exterior, disperses cold, promotes qi flow, and harmonizes the stomach.

Fresh Ginger

Pungent, slightly warm

Releases the exterior, disperses cold, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and transforms phlegm to stop cough.

Schizonepeta

Pungent, slightly warm

Releases the exterior, disperses wind, promotes eruption of rashes, and eliminates sores.

Saposhnikovia Root

Pungent, sweet, slightly warm

Dispels wind, releases the exterior, overcomes dampness, relieves pain, and stops convulsions.

Field Mint

Pungent, cool

Disperses wind-heat, clears the head and eyes, relieves the throat, promotes eruption of rashes, and soothes the liver to promote qi flow.

Mulberry Leaf

Sweet, bitter, cold

Disperses wind-heat, clears the lung and moistens dryness, and clears the liver to improve vision.

Kudzu Root

Sweet, pungent, cool

Releases muscles to reduce fever, promotes salivation to quench thirst, promotes eruption of rashes, and raises yang to stop diarrhea.

Chrysanthemum Flower

Sweet, bitter, slightly cold

Disperses wind, clears heat, calms the liver, improves vision, and clears heat and removes toxicity.

Honeysuckle Flower

Sweet, cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, and disperses wind-heat.

Forsythia Fruit

Bitter, slightly cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules, and disperses wind-heat.

Dandelion

Bitter, sweet, cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules, and promotes diuresis to relieve strangury.

Isatis Leaf

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, and cools blood to eliminate macules.

Isatis Root

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, cools blood, and relieves sore throat.

Lophatherum Herb

Sweet, bland, cold

Clears heat, drains fire, relieves restlessness, and promotes diuresis.

Cape Jasmine Fruit

Bitter, cold

Drains fire, relieves restlessness, clears heat and promotes diuresis, and cools blood to remove toxicity.

Scutellaria Root

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and dries dampness, drains fire and removes toxicity, stops bleeding, and calms the fetus.

Coptis Rhizome

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and dries dampness, and drains fire to remove toxicity.

Amur Cork-tree Bark

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and dries dampness, drains fire and removes toxicity, and eliminates bone-steaming fever.

Sophora Root

Bitter, cold

Clears heat and dries dampness, kills parasites, and promotes diuresis.

Red Peony Root

Bitter, slightly cold

Clears heat, cools blood, disperses blood stasis, and relieves pain.

Moutan Bark

Bitter, pungent, slightly cold

Clears heat, cools blood, activates blood and resolves stasis.

Lycium Bark

Sweet, cold

Cools blood to eliminate bone-steaming fever, and clears lung to reduce fire.

Wild Chrysanthemum

Bitter, pungent, slightly cold

Clears heat and removes toxicity, drains fire and calms the liver.

Rhubarb

Bitter, cold

Purgates accumulation, clears heat and drains fire, cools blood and removes toxicity, expels stasis and unblocks menstruation, and promotes diuresis to treat jaundice.

Hemp Seed

Sweet, neutral

Moistens the intestines to relieve constipation.

Prunus Seed

Pungent, bitter, sweet, neutral

Moistens the intestines to relieve constipation, descends qi to promote diuresis.

Angelica Root

Pungent, bitter, slightly warm

Dispels wind and removes dampness, unblocks painful joints and relieves pain.

Clematis Root

Pungent, salty, warm

Dispels wind-dampness, unblocks meridians, and removes fish bones stuck in the throat.

Chaenomeles Fruit

Sour, warm

Relaxes tendons and unblocks collaterals, and harmonizes the stomach to transform dampness.

Taxillus Herb

Bitter, sweet, neutral

Dispels wind-dampness, tonifies the liver and kidney, strengthens bones and tendons, and calms the fetus.

Clubmoss Herb

Slightly bitter, pungent, warm

Dispels wind-dampness, relaxes tendons and unblocks collaterals.

Tougu Herb

Pungent, warm

Dispels wind-dampness, activates blood and relieves pain, and removes toxicity to kill parasites.

Argy Wormwood Leaf

Pungent, bitter, warm; slightly toxic

Warms the channels to stop bleeding, disperses cold to relieve pain; externally removes dampness and relieves itching.

Beautiful Sweetgum Fruit

Pungent, bitter, neutral

Dispels wind, activates collaterals, promotes diuresis, and unblocks menstruation.

Pogostemon Herb

Pungent, slightly warm

Aromatically transforms turbidity, harmonizes the middle to stop vomiting, and releases the exterior to relieve summer heat.

Eupatorium Herb

Pungent, neutral

Aromatically transforms dampness, awakens the spleen to stimulate appetite, and releases the exterior to relieve summer heat.

Atractylodes Rhizome

Pungent, bitter, warm

Dries dampness and strengthens the spleen, dispels wind and disperses cold, and improves vision.

Officinal Magnolia Bark

Bitter, pungent, warm

Dries dampness, eliminates phlegm, descends qi to relieve fullness.

Villous Amomum Fruit

Pungent, warm

Transforms dampness to stimulate appetite, warms the spleen to stop diarrhea, and regulates qi to calm the fetus.

White Cardamom

Pungent, warm

Transforms dampness and promotes qi flow, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and stimulates appetite to aid digestion.

Poria

Sweet, bland, neutral

Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, strengthens the spleen, and calms the heart.

Coix Seed

Sweet, bland, cool

Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, strengthens spleen to stop diarrhea, removes arthralgia, expels pus, and removes toxicity to dissipate nodules.

Alisma Rhizome

Sweet, bland, cold

Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, drains heat, and transforms turbidity to reduce lipids.

Plantain Seed

Sweet, cold

Clears heat and promotes diuresis, leaches out dampness to stop diarrhea, improves vision, and eliminates phlegm.

Yinchen Wormwood

Bitter, pungent, slightly cold

Clears and promotes diuresis of damp-heat, and promotes bile flow to treat jaundice.

Christina Loosestrife

Sweet, salty, slightly cold

Promotes diuresis, treats jaundice, promotes diuresis to relieve strangury, and removes toxicity to reduce swelling.

Rush Pith

Sweet, bland, slightly cold

Clears heart-fire, and promotes diuresis.

Dried Ginger

Pungent, hot

Warms the middle to disperse cold, restores yang to unblock the pulse, and warms the lung to transform fluid.

Lesser Galangal

Pungent, hot

Warms the middle to stop vomiting, and disperses cold to relieve pain.

Fennel Fruit

Pungent, warm

Disperses cold to relieve pain, and regulates qi to harmonize the stomach.

Cinnamon Bark

Pungent, sweet, greatly hot

Reinforces fire and assists yang, guides fire back to its source, disperses cold to relieve pain, and warms and unblocks meridians.

Tangerine Peel

Pungent, bitter, warm

Regulates qi and strengthens the spleen, dries dampness and transforms phlegm.

Green Tangerine Peel

Bitter, pungent, warm

Soothes the liver and breaks qi, and eliminates accumulation to resolve stagnation.

Immature Bitter Orange

Bitter, pungent, sour, slightly cold

Regulates qi and relaxes the middle, promotes circulation to relieve distension.

Cyperus Rhizome

Soothes the liver to relieve depression, regulates qi to relax the middle, and regulates menstruation to relieve pain.

Aucklandia Root

Pungent, bitter, warm

Promotes qi flow to relieve pain, strengthens the spleen to aid digestion.

Rose Flower

Sweet, slightly bitter, warm

Promotes qi flow to relieve depression, harmonizes blood, and relieves pain.

Aloeswood

Pungent, bitter, slightly warm

Promotes qi flow to relieve pain, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and receives qi to relieve asthma.

Red Sage Root

Bitter, slightly cold

Activates blood and resolves stasis, unblocks menstruation and relieves pain, clears heart to eliminate restlessness, and cools blood to resolve abscesses.

Safflower

Pungent, warm

Activates blood and unblocks menstruation, disperses stasis and relieves pain.

Peach Seed

Bitter, sweet, neutral; slightly toxic

Activates blood and resolves stasis, moistens intestines to relieve constipation, and stops cough and relieves asthma.

Szechuan Lovage Rhizome

Pungent, warm

Activates blood and promotes qi flow, dispels wind to relieve pain.

Motherwort Herb

Bitter, pungent, slightly cold

Activates blood and regulates menstruation, promotes diuresis to reduce edema, and clears heat and removes toxicity.

Curcuma Root

Pungent, bitter, cold

Activates blood to relieve pain, promotes qi to relieve depression, clears heart and cools blood, and promotes bile flow to treat jaundice.

Sour Jujube Seed

Sweet, sour, neutral

Nourishes the heart and tonifies the liver, calms the heart and tranquilizes the mind, arrests sweating, and promotes salivation.

Arborvitae Seed

Sweet, neutral

Nourishes the heart to tranquilize the mind, and moistens the intestines to relieve constipation.

Polygala Root

Bitter, pungent, warm

Tranquilizes the mind and improves intelligence, harmonizes heart and kidney, eliminates phlegm, and reduces swelling.

Silk Tree Bark

Sweet, neutral

Relieves depression and tranquilizes the mind, activates blood to reduce swelling.

Silk Tree Flower

Sweet, neutral

Relieves depression and tranquilizes the mind.

Fleeceflower Stem

Sweet, neutral

Nourishes blood and tranquilizes the mind, dispels wind and unblocks collaterals.

Fossil Dragon Bone

Sweet, astringent, neutral

Calms fright and tranquilizes the mind, calms the liver and subdues yang, and astringes and secures.

Magnetite

Salty, cold

Calms fright and tranquilizes the mind, calms the liver and subdues yang, sharpens hearing and improves vision, and receives qi to relieve asthma.

Gastrodia Rhizome

Sweet, neutral

Extinguishes wind and stops spasms, calms liver-yang, and dispels wind and unblocks collaterals.

Gambir Plant

Sweet, cool

Extinguishes wind and stops convulsions, clears heat and calms the liver.

White Peony Root

Bitter, sour, slightly cold

Nourishes blood and regulates menstruation, astringes yin to stop sweating, softens the liver to relieve pain, and calms liver-yang.

Abalone Shell

Salty, cold

Calms the liver and subdues yang, clears the liver to improve vision.

Ginseng

Sweet, slightly bitter, slightly warm

Greatly tonifies primordial qi, restores the pulse and prevents collapse, tonifies the spleen and lung, promotes salivation, and tranquilizes the mind.

Astragalus Root

Sweet, slightly warm

Tonifies qi and raises yang, secures the exterior to stop sweating, promotes diuresis to reduce edema, and promotes salivation to nourish blood.

Codonopsis Root

Sweet, neutral

Strengthens the spleen and benefits the lung, nourishes blood and promotes salivation.

White Atractylodes Rhizome

Sweet, bitter, warm

Strengthens the spleen and tonifies qi, dries dampness and promotes diuresis, stops sweating, and calms the fetus.

Chinese Angelica Root

Sweet, pungent, warm

Tonifies blood and activates blood, regulates menstruation to relieve pain, and moistens intestines to relieve constipation.

Processed Rehmannia Root

Sweet, slightly warm

Tonifies blood and nourishes yin, benefits essence and fills the marrow.

Goji Berry

Sweet, neutral

Tonifies the liver and kidney, benefits essence and improves vision.

Ophiopogon Root

Sweet, slightly bitter, slightly cold

Nourishes yin and promotes salivation, moistens the lung and clears the heart.

Schisandra Fruit

Sour, sweet, warm

Astringes and secures, tonifies qi and promotes salivation, tonifies the kidney and calms the heart.

Licorice Root

Sweet, neutral

Tonifies qi and benefits the middle, clears heat and removes toxicity, harmonizes various herbs, and relieves spasm and pain.

Light Wheat

Sweet, cool

Tonifies qi, removes heat, and stops sweating.

Dark Plum Fruit

Sour, astringent, neutral

Astringes the lung, secures the intestines, promotes salivation, and calms roundworms.

Cornus Fruit

Sour, sweet, slightly warm

Tonifies the liver and kidney, astringes and secures to prevent collapse.

Gorgon Fruit

Sweet, astringent, neutral

Benefits the kidney and secures essence, strengthens the spleen to stop diarrhea, and removes dampness to arrest leucorrhea.

Grassleaf Sweetflag Rhizome

Pungent, bitter, warm

Opens the orifices and dispels phlegm, awakens the mind and improves intelligence, and transforms dampness to stimulate appetite.

Menthol

Pungent, cool

Disperses wind-heat, clears the head and eyes, promotes eruption of rashes, and aromatically awakens the spirit.

Rosemary

Pungent, warm

Awakens the spleen and tranquilizes the mind, aromatically repels filth, and soothes head distension.

Lavender

Pungent, sweet, neutral

Soothes emotions, aromatically tranquilizes the mind, repels filth and soothes the skin.

Clove

Pungent, warm

Warms the middle to descend counterflow, and tonifies the kidney to assist yang.

Magnolia Flower Bud

Pungent, warm

Disperses wind-cold, and unblocks the nasal cavity.

Xanthium Fruit

Pungent, bitter, warm; slightly toxic

Disperses wind-cold, unblocks the nasal cavity, and dispels wind-dampness.

Sandalwood

Pungent, warm

Promotes qi flow and warms the middle, stimulates appetite and relieves pain, and calms the heart and tranquilizes the mind.

Longan Aril

Buckwheat Husk

清利头目，助眠安神，疏通经络

Cassia Seed

清肝明目，润肠通便

Mung Bean Hull

清热解暑，透气助眠

Tea Stalk

吸附异味，清利头目

Chamomile

温和安神，抗敏消炎

Lemongrass

解郁安神，祛风除湿

Lotus Seed

养心安神，健脾止泻

Coarse Salt

温经散寒，蓄热止痛

Rice Bean

利水消肿，解毒排脓

Notopterygium Root

祛风除湿，通痹止痛

Frankincense

活血止痛，消肿生肌

Sweet Osmanthus

温中散寒，芳香解郁

Jasmine Flower

疏肝解郁，理气安神

Lily Bulb

养阴润肺，清心安神

This table is for displaying botanical information and traditional cultural background of herbs used in our products.

Complete Index — 100 Botanicals (name, Latin name, family, origin, nature, effects, classical source)

A plain-text index of all 100 botanicals held in the Botanheal archive, compiled from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and classical herbal texts. For study and reference only; it is not medical advice.

#	Standard Name	Latin Name	Plant Family	Origin Area	Nature & Flavor	Official Effects	Classical Source
1	Ephedra Herb	Ephedrae Herba	麻黄科	山西、内蒙古	Pungent, slightly bitter, warm	Induces sweating, disperses cold, diffuses the lung to relieve asthma, and promotes diuresis to reduce edema.	《神农本草经》
2	Cinnamon Twig	Cinnamomi Ramulus	樟科	广西、广东	Pungent, sweet, warm	Induces sweating, relaxes muscles, warms and unblocks the meridians, assists yang to transform qi, and calms adverse rising qi.	《名医别录》
3	Perilla Leaf	Perillae Folium	唇形科	江苏、浙江	Pungent, warm	Releases the exterior, disperses cold, promotes qi flow, and harmonizes the stomach.	《本草纲目》
4	Fresh Ginger	Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens	姜科	山东、四川	Pungent, slightly warm	Releases the exterior, disperses cold, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and transforms phlegm to stop cough.	《本草经集注》
5	Schizonepeta	Schizonepetae Herba	唇形科	河北、河南	Pungent, slightly warm	Releases the exterior, disperses wind, promotes eruption of rashes, and eliminates sores.	《开宝本草》
6	Saposhnikovia Root	Saposhnikoviae Radix	伞形科	内蒙古、黑龙江	Pungent, sweet, slightly warm	Dispels wind, releases the exterior, overcomes dampness, relieves pain, and stops convulsions.	《神农本草经》
7	Field Mint	Menthae Haplocalycis Herba	唇形科	江苏、安徽	Pungent, cool	Disperses wind-heat, clears the head and eyes, relieves the throat, promotes eruption of rashes, and soothes the liver to promote qi flow.	《唐本草》
8	Mulberry Leaf	Mori Folium	桑科	江浙、四川	Sweet, bitter, cold	Disperses wind-heat, clears the lung and moistens dryness, and clears the liver to improve vision.	《本草纲目》
9	Kudzu Root	Puerariae Lobatae Radix	豆科	河南、广西	Sweet, pungent, cool	Releases muscles to reduce fever, promotes salivation to quench thirst, promotes eruption of rashes, and raises yang to stop diarrhea.	《神农本草经》
10	Chrysanthemum Flower	Chrysanthemi Flos	菊科	浙江、安徽、河南	Sweet, bitter, slightly cold	Disperses wind, clears heat, calms the liver, improves vision, and clears heat and removes toxicity.	《神农本草经》
11	Honeysuckle Flower	Lonicerae Japonicae Flos	忍冬科	山东、河南	Sweet, cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, and disperses wind-heat.	《本草纲目》
12	Forsythia Fruit	Forsythiae Fructus	木犀科	山西、河南	Bitter, slightly cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules, and disperses wind-heat.	《神农本草经》
13	Dandelion	Taraxaci Herba	菊科		Bitter, sweet, cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, reduces swelling and dissipates nodules, and promotes diuresis to relieve strangury.	《唐本草》
14	Isatis Leaf	Isatidis Folium	十字花科	河北、江苏	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, and cools blood to eliminate macules.	《本草图经》
15	Isatis Root	Isatidis Radix	十字花科	河北、安徽	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, cools blood, and relieves sore throat.	《本草便读》
16	Lophatherum Herb	Lophatheri Herba	禾本科	浙江、湖南	Sweet, bland, cold	Clears heat, drains fire, relieves restlessness, and promotes diuresis.	《本草纲目》
17	Cape Jasmine Fruit	Gardeniae Fructus	茜草科	江西、湖南	Bitter, cold	Drains fire, relieves restlessness, clears heat and promotes diuresis, and cools blood to remove toxicity.	《神农本草经》
18	Scutellaria Root	Scutellariae Radix	唇形科	河北、山西	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and dries dampness, drains fire and removes toxicity, stops bleeding, and calms the fetus.	《神农本草经》
19	Coptis Rhizome	Coptidis Rhizoma	毛茛科	四川、湖北	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and dries dampness, and drains fire to remove toxicity.	《神农本草经》
20	Amur Cork-tree Bark	Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex	芸香科	四川、贵州	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and dries dampness, drains fire and removes toxicity, and eliminates bone-steaming fever.	《神农本草经》
21	Sophora Root	Sophorae Flavescentis Radix	豆科	山西、河北	Bitter, cold	Clears heat and dries dampness, kills parasites, and promotes diuresis.	《神农本草经》
22	Red Peony Root	Paeoniae Radix Rubra	毛茛科	内蒙古、黑龙江	Bitter, slightly cold	Clears heat, cools blood, disperses blood stasis, and relieves pain.	《开宝本草》
23	Moutan Bark	Moutan Radicis Cortex	毛茛科	安徽、山东	Bitter, pungent, slightly cold	Clears heat, cools blood, activates blood and resolves stasis.	《神农本草经》
24	Lycium Bark	Cortex Lycii	茄科		Sweet, cold	Cools blood to eliminate bone-steaming fever, and clears lung to reduce fire.	《神农本草经》
25	Wild Chrysanthemum	Chrysanthemi Indici Flos	菊科		Bitter, pungent, slightly cold	Clears heat and removes toxicity, drains fire and calms the liver.	《本草拾遗》
26	Rhubarb				Bitter, cold	Purgates accumulation, clears heat and drains fire, cools blood and removes toxicity, expels stasis and unblocks menstruation, and promotes diuresis to treat jaundice.
27	Hemp Seed	Cannabis Fructus	桑科	山东、河南	Sweet, neutral	Moistens the intestines to relieve constipation.	《神农本草经》
28	Prunus Seed	Pruni Semen	蔷薇科	内蒙古、辽宁	Pungent, bitter, sweet, neutral	Moistens the intestines to relieve constipation, descends qi to promote diuresis.	《神农本草经》
29	Angelica Root	Angelicae Pubescentis Radix	伞形科	四川、湖北	Pungent, bitter, slightly warm	Dispels wind and removes dampness, unblocks painful joints and relieves pain.	《神农本草经》
30	Clematis Root	Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma	毛茛科	安徽、浙江	Pungent, salty, warm	Dispels wind-dampness, unblocks meridians, and removes fish bones stuck in the throat.	《开宝本草》
31	Chaenomeles Fruit	Chaenomelis Fructus	蔷薇科	安徽宣城	Sour, warm	Relaxes tendons and unblocks collaterals, and harmonizes the stomach to transform dampness.	《名医别录》
32	Taxillus Herb	Taxilli Herba	桑寄生科	广东、广西	Bitter, sweet, neutral	Dispels wind-dampness, tonifies the liver and kidney, strengthens bones and tendons, and calms the fetus.	《神农本草经》
33	Clubmoss Herb	Lycopodii Herba	石松科	浙江、湖北	Slightly bitter, pungent, warm	Dispels wind-dampness, relaxes tendons and unblocks collaterals.	《本草拾遗》
34	Tougu Herb	Phrymae Herba	透骨草科	河北、山东	Pungent, warm	Dispels wind-dampness, activates blood and relieves pain, and removes toxicity to kill parasites.	《本草纲目》
35	Argy Wormwood Leaf	Artemisiae Argyi Folium	菊科		Pungent, bitter, warm; slightly toxic	Warms the channels to stop bleeding, disperses cold to relieve pain; externally removes dampness and relieves itching.	《名医别录》
36	Beautiful Sweetgum Fruit	Liquidambaris Fructus	金缕梅科	江苏、浙江	Pungent, bitter, neutral	Dispels wind, activates collaterals, promotes diuresis, and unblocks menstruation.	《本草纲目拾遗》
37	Pogostemon Herb	Pogostemonis Herba	唇形科	广东	Pungent, slightly warm	Aromatically transforms turbidity, harmonizes the middle to stop vomiting, and releases the exterior to relieve summer heat.	《名医别录》
38	Eupatorium Herb	Eupatorii Herba	菊科	江苏、河北	Pungent, neutral	Aromatically transforms dampness, awakens the spleen to stimulate appetite, and releases the exterior to relieve summer heat.	《神农本草经》
39	Atractylodes Rhizome	Atractylodis Rhizoma	菊科	江苏茅山	Pungent, bitter, warm	Dries dampness and strengthens the spleen, dispels wind and disperses cold, and improves vision.	《神农本草经》
40	Officinal Magnolia Bark	Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex	木兰科	四川、湖北	Bitter, pungent, warm	Dries dampness, eliminates phlegm, descends qi to relieve fullness.	《神农本草经》
41	Villous Amomum Fruit	Amomi Fructus	姜科		Pungent, warm	Transforms dampness to stimulate appetite, warms the spleen to stop diarrhea, and regulates qi to calm the fetus.	《药性论》
42	White Cardamom	Amomi Kravanh Fructus	姜科	越南、云南	Pungent, warm	Transforms dampness and promotes qi flow, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and stimulates appetite to aid digestion.	《开宝本草》
43	Poria	Poria Cocos	多孔菌科	云南、安徽	Sweet, bland, neutral	Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, strengthens the spleen, and calms the heart.	《神农本草经》
44	Coix Seed	Coicis Semen	禾本科	福建、河北	Sweet, bland, cool	Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, strengthens spleen to stop diarrhea, removes arthralgia, expels pus, and removes toxicity to dissipate nodules.	《神农本草经》
45	Alisma Rhizome	Alismatis Rhizoma	泽泻科	福建、四川	Sweet, bland, cold	Promotes diuresis and leaches out dampness, drains heat, and transforms turbidity to reduce lipids.	《神农本草经》
46	Plantain Seed	Plantaginis Semen	车前科		Sweet, cold	Clears heat and promotes diuresis, leaches out dampness to stop diarrhea, improves vision, and eliminates phlegm.	《神农本草经》
47	Yinchen Wormwood	Artemisiae Scopariae Herba	菊科	山西、陕西	Bitter, pungent, slightly cold	Clears and promotes diuresis of damp-heat, and promotes bile flow to treat jaundice.	《神农本草经》
48	Christina Loosestrife	Lysimachiae Herba	报春花科	四川、广西	Sweet, salty, slightly cold	Promotes diuresis, treats jaundice, promotes diuresis to relieve strangury, and removes toxicity to reduce swelling.	《本草纲目拾遗》
49	Rush Pith	Junci Medulla	灯心草科	江苏、福建	Sweet, bland, slightly cold	Clears heart-fire, and promotes diuresis.	《开宝本草》
50	Dried Ginger	Zingiberis Rhizoma	姜科	四川、山东	Pungent, hot	Warms the middle to disperse cold, restores yang to unblock the pulse, and warms the lung to transform fluid.	《神农本草经》
51	Lesser Galangal				Pungent, hot	Warms the middle to stop vomiting, and disperses cold to relieve pain.
52	Fennel Fruit	Foeniculi Fructus	伞形科	甘肃、内蒙古	Pungent, warm	Disperses cold to relieve pain, and regulates qi to harmonize the stomach.	《药性论》
53	Cinnamon Bark	Cinnamomi Cortex	樟科	广西、云南	Pungent, sweet, greatly hot	Reinforces fire and assists yang, guides fire back to its source, disperses cold to relieve pain, and warms and unblocks meridians.	《神农本草经》
54	Tangerine Peel	Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium	芸香科	广东新会	Pungent, bitter, warm	Regulates qi and strengthens the spleen, dries dampness and transforms phlegm.	《神农本草经》
55	Green Tangerine Peel	Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride	芸香科	福建、广东	Bitter, pungent, warm	Soothes the liver and breaks qi, and eliminates accumulation to resolve stagnation.	《本草图经》
56	Immature Bitter Orange	Aurantii Fructus Immaturus	芸香科	江西	Bitter, pungent, sour, slightly cold	Regulates qi and relaxes the middle, promotes circulation to relieve distension.	《开宝本草》
57	Cyperus Rhizome	Cyperi Rhizoma	莎草科	浙江、山东	Pungent, slightly bitter, slightly sweet	Soothes the liver to relieve depression, regulates qi to relax the middle, and regulates menstruation to relieve pain.	《名医别录》
58	Aucklandia Root	Aucklandiae Radix	菊科	云南	Pungent, bitter, warm	Promotes qi flow to relieve pain, strengthens the spleen to aid digestion.	《神农本草经》
59	Rose Flower	Rosae Rugosae Flos	蔷薇科	山东、甘肃	Sweet, slightly bitter, warm	Promotes qi flow to relieve depression, harmonizes blood, and relieves pain.	《本草纲目拾遗》
60	Aloeswood	Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum	瑞香科	海南、广东	Pungent, bitter, slightly warm	Promotes qi flow to relieve pain, warms the middle to stop vomiting, and receives qi to relieve asthma.	《名医别录》
61	Red Sage Root	Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma	唇形科	四川、山东	Bitter, slightly cold	Activates blood and resolves stasis, unblocks menstruation and relieves pain, clears heart to eliminate restlessness, and cools blood to resolve abscesses.	《神农本草经》
62	Safflower	Carthami Flos	菊科	新疆	Pungent, warm	Activates blood and unblocks menstruation, disperses stasis and relieves pain.	《开宝本草》
63	Peach Seed	Persicae Semen	蔷薇科	山东、河北	Bitter, sweet, neutral; slightly toxic	Activates blood and resolves stasis, moistens intestines to relieve constipation, and stops cough and relieves asthma.	《神农本草经》
64	Szechuan Lovage Rhizome	Chuanxiong Rhizoma	伞形科	四川都江堰	Pungent, warm	Activates blood and promotes qi flow, dispels wind to relieve pain.	《神农本草经》
65	Motherwort Herb	Leonuri Herba	唇形科		Bitter, pungent, slightly cold	Activates blood and regulates menstruation, promotes diuresis to reduce edema, and clears heat and removes toxicity.	《神农本草经》
66	Curcuma Root	Curcumae Radix	姜科	四川、广西	Pungent, bitter, cold	Activates blood to relieve pain, promotes qi to relieve depression, clears heart and cools blood, and promotes bile flow to treat jaundice.	《药性论》
67	Sour Jujube Seed	Ziziphi Spinosae Semen	鼠李科	河北、山西	Sweet, sour, neutral	Nourishes the heart and tonifies the liver, calms the heart and tranquilizes the mind, arrests sweating, and promotes salivation.	《神农本草经》
68	Arborvitae Seed	Platycladi Semen	柏科	山东、河南	Sweet, neutral	Nourishes the heart to tranquilize the mind, and moistens the intestines to relieve constipation.	《神农本草经》
69	Polygala Root	Polygalae Radix	远志科	山西、陕西	Bitter, pungent, warm	Tranquilizes the mind and improves intelligence, harmonizes heart and kidney, eliminates phlegm, and reduces swelling.	《神农本草经》
70	Silk Tree Bark	Albiziae Cortex	豆科	江苏、浙江	Sweet, neutral	Relieves depression and tranquilizes the mind, activates blood to reduce swelling.	《神农本草经》
71	Silk Tree Flower	Albiziae Flos	豆科		Sweet, neutral	Relieves depression and tranquilizes the mind.	《本草纲目拾遗》
72	Fleeceflower Stem	Polygoni Multiflori Caulis	蓼科	河南、湖北	Sweet, neutral	Nourishes blood and tranquilizes the mind, dispels wind and unblocks collaterals.	《本草纲目》
73	Fossil Dragon Bone	Os Draconis		山西、内蒙古	Sweet, astringent, neutral	Calms fright and tranquilizes the mind, calms the liver and subdues yang, and astringes and secures.	《神农本草经》
74	Magnetite	Magnetitum		河北、山东	Salty, cold	Calms fright and tranquilizes the mind, calms the liver and subdues yang, sharpens hearing and improves vision, and receives qi to relieve asthma.	《神农本草经》
75	Gastrodia Rhizome	Gastrodiae Rhizoma	兰科	云南昭通	Sweet, neutral	Extinguishes wind and stops spasms, calms liver-yang, and dispels wind and unblocks collaterals.	《神农本草经》
76	Gambir Plant				Sweet, cool	Extinguishes wind and stops convulsions, clears heat and calms the liver.
77	White Peony Root	Paeoniae Radix Alba	毛茛科	安徽亳州	Bitter, sour, slightly cold	Nourishes blood and regulates menstruation, astringes yin to stop sweating, softens the liver to relieve pain, and calms liver-yang.	《神农本草经》
78	Abalone Shell	Haliotidis Concha	鲍科	山东、福建	Salty, cold	Calms the liver and subdues yang, clears the liver to improve vision.	牡蛎壳无珍珠彩光，侧重收敛软坚
79	Ginseng	Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma	五加科	吉林长白山	Sweet, slightly bitter, slightly warm	Greatly tonifies primordial qi, restores the pulse and prevents collapse, tonifies the spleen and lung, promotes salivation, and tranquilizes the mind.	《神农本草经》
80	Astragalus Root	Astragali Radix	豆科	山西、内蒙古	Sweet, slightly warm	Tonifies qi and raises yang, secures the exterior to stop sweating, promotes diuresis to reduce edema, and promotes salivation to nourish blood.	《神农本草经》
81	Codonopsis Root	Codonopsis Radix	桔梗科	甘肃、山西	Sweet, neutral	Strengthens the spleen and benefits the lung, nourishes blood and promotes salivation.	《本草从新》
82	White Atractylodes Rhizome	Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma	菊科	浙江、安徽	Sweet, bitter, warm	Strengthens the spleen and tonifies qi, dries dampness and promotes diuresis, stops sweating, and calms the fetus.	《神农本草经》
83	Chinese Angelica Root	Angelicae Sinensis Radix	伞形科	甘肃岷县	Sweet, pungent, warm	Tonifies blood and activates blood, regulates menstruation to relieve pain, and moistens intestines to relieve constipation.	《神农本草经》
84	Processed Rehmannia Root	Rehmanniae Radix Preparata	玄参科	河南怀庆	Sweet, slightly warm	Tonifies blood and nourishes yin, benefits essence and fills the marrow.	《本草图经》
85	Goji Berry	Lycii Fructus	茄科		Sweet, neutral	Tonifies the liver and kidney, benefits essence and improves vision.	《神农本草经》
86	Ophiopogon Root	Ophiopogonis Radix	百合科	浙江慈溪	Sweet, slightly bitter, slightly cold	Nourishes yin and promotes salivation, moistens the lung and clears the heart.	《神农本草经》
87	Schisandra Fruit	Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus	木兰科	辽宁、吉林	Sour, sweet, warm	Astringes and secures, tonifies qi and promotes salivation, tonifies the kidney and calms the heart.	《神农本草经》
88	Licorice Root	Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma	豆科	内蒙古、新疆	Sweet, neutral	Tonifies qi and benefits the middle, clears heat and removes toxicity, harmonizes various herbs, and relieves spasm and pain.	《神农本草经》
89	Light Wheat	Tritici Levis Fructus	禾本科	全国产麦区	Sweet, cool	Tonifies qi, removes heat, and stops sweating.	《本草蒙筌》
90	Dark Plum Fruit	Mume Fructus	蔷薇科	福建、四川	Sour, astringent, neutral	Astringes the lung, secures the intestines, promotes salivation, and calms roundworms.	《神农本草经》
91	Cornus Fruit	Corni Fructus	山茱萸科	河南西峡	Sour, sweet, slightly warm	Tonifies the liver and kidney, astringes and secures to prevent collapse.	《神农本草经》
92	Gorgon Fruit	Euryales Semen	睡莲科	江苏、安徽	Sweet, astringent, neutral	Benefits the kidney and secures essence, strengthens the spleen to stop diarrhea, and removes dampness to arrest leucorrhea.	《神农本草经》
93	Grassleaf Sweetflag Rhizome	Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma	天南星科	四川、浙江	Pungent, bitter, warm	Opens the orifices and dispels phlegm, awakens the mind and improves intelligence, and transforms dampness to stimulate appetite.	《神农本草经》
94	Menthol	Mentholum	唇形科薄荷提取结晶	江苏、安徽	Pungent, cool	Disperses wind-heat, clears the head and eyes, promotes eruption of rashes, and aromatically awakens the spirit.	《现代药典》
95	Rosemary	Rosmarini Folium	唇形科	云南种植	Pungent, warm	Awakens the spleen and tranquilizes the mind, aromatically repels filth, and soothes head distension.	《欧洲本草》
96	Lavender	Lavandulae Flos	唇形科	新疆伊犁	Pungent, sweet, neutral	Soothes emotions, aromatically tranquilizes the mind, repels filth and soothes the skin.	《现代芳香本草》
97	Clove	Caryophylli Flos	桃金娘科	海南、东南亚	Pungent, warm	Warms the middle to descend counterflow, and tonifies the kidney to assist yang.	《开宝本草》
98	Magnolia Flower Bud	Magnoliae Flos	木兰科	河南、四川	Pungent, warm	Disperses wind-cold, and unblocks the nasal cavity.	《神农本草经》
99	Xanthium Fruit	Xanthii Fructus	菊科		Pungent, bitter, warm; slightly toxic	Disperses wind-cold, unblocks the nasal cavity, and dispels wind-dampness.	《神农本草经》
100	Sandalwood	Santali Lignum	檀香科	广东、东南亚	Pungent, warm	Promotes qi flow and warms the middle, stimulates appetite and relieves pain, and calms the heart and tranquilizes the mind.	《名医别录》
106	Longan Aril	Longan Arillus
107	Buckwheat Husk	Fagopyri esculenti Semen	蓼科	全国		清利头目，助眠安神，疏通经络
108	Cassia Seed	Cassiae Semen	豆科	全国		清肝明目，润肠通便
109	Mung Bean Hull	Vignae Radiatae Semen	豆科	全国		清热解暑，透气助眠
110	Tea Stalk	Camelliae Sinensis Stalk	山茶科	全国		吸附异味，清利头目
111	Chamomile	Matricariae Flos	菊科	新疆/欧洲		温和安神，抗敏消炎
112	Lemongrass	Cymbopogonis Herba	禾本科	云南/广西		解郁安神，祛风除湿
113	Lotus Seed	Nelumbinis Semen	睡莲科	湖南/福建		养心安神，健脾止泻
114	Coarse Salt	Sal Maris	矿物	沿海		温经散寒，蓄热止痛
115	Rice Bean	Vignae Semen	豆科	全国		利水消肿，解毒排脓
116	Notopterygium Root	Notopterygii Rhizoma	伞形科	四川/甘肃		祛风除湿，通痹止痛
117	Frankincense	Olibanum	橄榄科	非洲/阿拉伯		活血止痛，消肿生肌
118	Sweet Osmanthus	Osmanthi Fragrantis Flos	木犀科	全国		温中散寒，芳香解郁
119	Jasmine Flower	Jasmini Flos	木犀科	全国		疏肝解郁，理气安神
120	Lily Bulb	Lilii Bulbus	百合科	湖南/甘肃		养阴润肺，清心安神